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hello we're gonna jump right into things

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because I have a lot to say on this

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topic

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so

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um extremophiles can help us predict the

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boundaries of life here on Earth and the

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possibility of life on other planets

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yeah most extreme files that we study

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are typically single cellular organisms

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leaving a gap in knowledge about

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multicellular life and its habitability

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limits and Origins and so that's kind of

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where our work comes into play for my

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lab so we're a nematode lab

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um and nematodes are one of the most

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widespread and resilient animal phylums

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on earth they make about 80 of all

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animal life and are found on every

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continent and in every ecosystem

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including some found in like South

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African gold mines

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Antarctica and the dry valleys Etc

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so my work is based in the Great Salt

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Lake it's an analog Lake for the

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evaporated saline Lakes on Mars and it

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is also the fourth largest terminal lake

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in the world meaning that it gets a

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large inflow of water

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um but the only source of outflow is via

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evaporation it's also been geologically

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consistent for the last 780 Millennia

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and was only once previously part of

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like a Paleo histine freshwater lake for

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a really brief period of time

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but one thing that you might notice is

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that it has a really Stark salinity

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gradient that's caused from a railroad

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construction that cut the Great Salt

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Lake in half creating the North and

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South arms so the South arm is about at

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15 salinity due to the inflow of water

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and the north arm doesn't get any inflow

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of water and so stays at about 27

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salinity

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um 15 solidity adjusts so you are aware

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is about three times more saline than

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the ocean and is well beyond the

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previous maximum recorded salinity

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gradient that nematodes have been found

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to live in and so my lab went searching

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for nematodes in the Great Salt Lake and

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so we chose four different six different

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sites sorry to look at three which were

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from an inflow river that

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um was between like fresh water to hypo

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saline conditions and then three from

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inside the Great Salt Lake which were

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well into the hyper saline conditions

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and it is here that we found some

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so one unique structure in the Great

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Salt Lake are these microbialites

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um they're Organo sedimentary structures

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and they're built by file photosynthetic

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microbes and so our host to complex

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microbial communities as well as our

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nematodes they're also in the oldest

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known evidence of life on Earth some

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dating back to about 3.4 billion years

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ago

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um and so they can kind of offer us a

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glimpse of life before

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more complex life forms and they range

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about 20 to 30 percent of the Great Salt

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lake lake bottom

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so we've found that these nematodes

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through 18s sequencing are novel hun

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hysterity species one hysteria are

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typically a freshwater nematode though

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some are also found in marine ecosystems

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and so our goal now is to look at their

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genome and transcriptome in order to be

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able to tell the presence and absence of

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Gene families and see what genes are

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being functionally used here in the

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Great Salt Lake to potentially like help

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with saline UV and temperature

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tolerances and we're also looking at

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co-evolution with other microbiota so by

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isolating single worms we can look at

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Presence of microbiota in or on the worm

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so we want to be able to look at diatoms

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fungus and bacteria and so far we've

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been able to do V4 region of 16sr RNA

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sequencing of bacteria and we found a

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variety of bacterial orders that are

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found in and on our worms but

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surprisingly 70 of all the bacteria

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found are only unique to the worm and

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have never been found in microbialite

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structures previously meaning that these

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microbiota are possibly living in

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symbiosis with these pneumatodes and

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offering a variety of functions such as

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phototrophic potential solute

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accumulation and arsenic tolerance that

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allows them to be capable of living in

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this extreme environment so by

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identifying and Reporting these

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communities it can help us understand

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mechanisms that maintain a functional

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ecosystem in some of the most extreme

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environments on Earth and could provide

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information about the evolution of life

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on Earth and also Beyond

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I'd like to thank my lab for all of

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their help and thank you today and I'll

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be at poster for if you have any